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A little bit about GRR - Global Regional Review
The GRR Journal provides a comprehensive platform to scholars, researchers, policy makers and interested stakeholders (of regional issues and problems) for analysis, debate, innovations, transformation and sustainable developments through collaboration and membership of region specific networks.
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Alternative Frameworks in Learning the Speaking Skills of English Language Among Prospective Teachers: Looking for best Possible Reasons
(36 Views)
1-Muzammila Akram: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.2-Hafeez Ullah: PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Nasreen Akhtar: Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
The present study was conducted to diagnose alternative frameworks and to explore its best possible reasons in English speaking of prospective teachers. The present study was a case study. Diagnostic oral test and interviews were used as research tools. The three hundred (300) prospective teachers of B.Ed. (1.5 years) and BS (Hons) classes were selected purposively as a sample for an oral diagnostic test. The fifteen (15) prospective teachers who possessed more alternative frameworks were selected purposively for a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed qualitatively using a thematic approach. Moreover, data triangulation was used to compile the results of the test and interview. The study explored the pronunciation, grammar, article, and alternative prepositional frameworks in learning the speaking skills of the English language among prospective teachers. Poor listening, traditional teaching methodology and interference of mother language were the major reasons for these alternative frameworks.
Investigating the Drivers and Future Paradigms of Social Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: Empirical Study of Pakistan
(42 Views)
1-Sana Shuja Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Business School, University of Central Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan2-Syed Arslan Haider: MPhil Scholar, Business School, University of Central Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan3-Anita Shuja: Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
The purpose of this study is to determine the drivers of social entrepreneurship in a developing country. Institutional theory is applied to check the impact of different institutions on social entrepreneurship intentions in Pakistan. For this purpose, three independent variables: coercive environment, normative environment, and cognitive environment have been used, and the dependent variable is social entrepreneurship intention. Perceived feasibility has been taken as a mediating variable. A sample of 357 is selected, and data has been collected through questionnaires surveys from different university students of Pakistan. Data analysis is done through descriptive analysis. Nvivo 20 is used to explore the future paradigms of social entrepreneurship in Pakistan. The results of his study indicated that cognitive environment and perceived feasibility have direct and significant relation with social entrepreneurship intentions, perceived feasibility doesn't mediate the relationship between dependent and independent variables.
Analysis of Knowledge Exchange Between Higher Education Institutions & Businesses for Establishing Entrepreneurial Universities in Quetta, Balochistan
(41 Views)
1-Muhammad Hanif: MS Scholar, Institute of Management Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.2-Saubia Ramzan: Professor, Faculty of Management Sciences, Business and Information Technology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.3-Muzammila Akram: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
The term "Entrepreneurial University" has prominent attention in the western world after the "Triple Helix Model" presented
by Leydesdorff and Etzkowitz where it shaped the research outcomes in the form of patents, marketable brands, products and
services that paved the way for traditional universities to transform into entrepreneurial university and the higher education
institutions became self-sufficient in monetary terms and contribute to the economic growth of the nations. Though there
are remarkable acceptance for this concept and many western higher education institutions, developed Asian countries and
their universities benefited from transforming their research into valued monetary research while less developed countries
still struggling in this direction to transform their higher education institutions as "Entrepreneurial University". The current
paper presents the concept of entrepreneurial university in the less developed world, i.e. Pakistan and especially the case of
Balochistan province. The research is qualitative in nature using thematic analysis through a semi-structured interview
method and questionnaires to corroborate the responses. Six main themes emerged from data that include i. perception of
entrepreneurial university ii. human development to technology development iii. entrepreneurial skills for academia iv.
SOPs to transform research into innovation. v. regionally developed brands. vi. collaboration & communication with the
private sector..
Most viewed articles
History of Prison Reforms in Pakistan
(4152 Views)
1-Zahid Anwar: Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.2-S. Zubair Shah: Ph.D. Scholar,Department of Political Science,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Pakistan has been following the prison system of the British Empire. The
Pakistani prison system has gone through many changes. Efforts have been
made to bring the prison system in Pakistan in conformity with the modern
prison system. The restoration of democracy in Pakistan has paved the way for
further reforms in the prison system. Many suggestions have been forwarded to
the authorities and have been requested for the modification of the inside
condition of Pakistani jails. The data for this paper have been collected from
Human Rights Organization/ Council of Pakistan, Islamic Ideological Council
and jail training institute Lahore. The research under focus is an attempt to
explore prison reforms in Pakistan in historical perspective and put forward
suggestions to in tune the prison system in Pakistan with International standard.
Pakistan's Foreign Policy: Initial Perspectives and Stages
(3958 Views)
1-Muhammad Muzaffar: Ph. D ScholarDepartment of Political Science,International Islamic University Islamabad.2-Zahid Yaseen: Lecturer,Department of Political Science,Govt. Post Graduate College, Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan.3-Uroosa Ishfaq: Junior Research Fellow,Humanity Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Pakistan is a state like other states of the world. When it came out from the
British net the initial stages were very tough for it. It was considered that it will
rejoin India. But the administration of that time took sincere initiatives to
manage the affairs gradually. Cold war started at that time between the
Communist and Capitalist blocks. Newly established states joined one of them.
Pakistan was also one of them. Its foreign policy principles, rules and
regulations are highlighted in this paper. All these steps are discussed below
gradually with the help of primary and secondary sources. It is concluded that
Pakistan had no choice to join the capitalist block because of its financial
position that forced it to take such decisions as compared to India. But security
and sovereignty were never compromised in every era and at every stage.
Examining the Spending Patterns of Compensated Displaced Households (CDHs): Empirical Evidence from DiamerBasha Dam Site
(3825 Views)
1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary
compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about
building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases
examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This
is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into
communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that
provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending
patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of
two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.
Most downloaded articles
Exploring Gender Differences in Moral Intelligence and its Effects on the Learning Outcomes of Second Year College Students
(125 Downloads)
1-Ali Hussain Arif: PhD Scholar,Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.2-Marium Din: Assistant Professor,Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.3-Zafar Saleem: Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Qurtuba University of Science & information Technology Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
The current study was undertaken with the primary objectives of exploring differences in moral intelligence due to
gender and determining moral intelligences effect on the learning performance of second-year students. The
population of the study consisted of all second year college students of Skardu, Pakistan. However, data were collected from 445
students within the entire population by using the simple random sampling technique. Female students were found more intelligent
than male ones in this study. The results depict that moral intelligence significantly affects the academic performance of students.
So, it is suggested that subjects and contents related to moral intelligence may be included in the syllabus of second-year college
students, as far as students practical involvement of students in social and moral activities may also helpful in increasing moral
intelligence; it may also be developed and increased by motivational speakers, who may deliver speeches and lectures on moral
intelligence topic.
An Empirical Study of Work-Family Field: Identifying Psychographic Predictors of WorkFamily Conflict
(54 Downloads)
1-Afsheen Masood: Assistant Professor, Institute of Applied Psychology,University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.2-Muhammad Sulman: PhD Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies,University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.3-Arooj Arshad: Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
This study propounds to examine the dynamics of relationship among
emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy and work-family
conflict in female lawyers. Correlational Cross-sectional research design was implicated in
this research in order to test the hypothesis that emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job
satisfaction are likely to predict work-family conflict in young female lawyers. The sample
comprised of n= 200 female lawyers, age ranging between 30-50 years, recruited from the
civil and high court of Lahore, Pakistan. SPSS 23.0 was used to execute analyses that revealed
that emotional intelligence was somehow having negative relationship with work-family
conflict yet positively associated with self-efficacy. Findings of linear regression analysis
divulge that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy are significant negative predictors of
work-family conflict. Results from the current research provide insight for future researchers
in seeking line of further inquiry on psychosocial dynamics of work-family life patterns of
female lawyers.
Examining the Spending Patterns of Compensated Displaced Households (CDHs): Empirical Evidence from DiamerBasha Dam Site
(45 Downloads)
1-Arsalan Ahmad Khan: MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.2-Saranjam Baig: Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.3-Abid Hussain: Lecturer,Department of Economics,Karakorum International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.
This research has two objectives. First, it explores the spending patterns of the households who receive monetary
compensation for their land that government takes over for initiating national projects; in our case, it is about
building the countrys largest dam. Second, it examines what we call the demonstration effects. Literature abounds with cases
examining behaviors of internally displaced individuals while the opposite is true for the compensated displaced households. This
is the backdrop, this research carried out a field survey to collect data for 192 households. The compensation received is divided into
communal land compensation and private land compensation. In line with arguments with the Keynesian consumption function that
provides the theoretical foundation to our empirical work, findings suggest a positive and significant correlation between spending
patterns and private land compensation while the communal compensation appears to be insignificant. Education and one out of
two demonstration effects have positive influence on spending behaviors.