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Volume-IV

, Issue-III

(SUMMER 2019)

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01 - Education Policies, Discourse of Ideology and the Construction of National Ident

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).01
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).01      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    National Governments have controlled education policy to construct national identity according to the agenda of the government of the time. Education policy promotes discourse of ideology to construct national identity. Islam has always influenced formulation of education policies in Pakistan. This article explores the impact of change in governments upon discourse of ideology in education policie... Details

    Education Policy, Enlightened Moderation, Islamic Ideology, Muslim Ummah, National Identity, Regime

    (1) Shafiq Qurban
    PhD Scholar, Department of Politics and IR,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Husnul Amin
    Associate Professor,Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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02 - The Portrayal of Pak-US Relations in Print Media: An Analysis of War on Terror a

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).02
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).02      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study has examined how the leading Pakistani and American newspapers portrayed the war on terror and militancy in Pakistan during Republican (George W. Bush) and Democratic (Barack Obama) regimes. All the editorials were analyzed which were published on the subjects during the timeline of sixteen years (January 2001 - January 2017). The results show that both the newspapers are independent, b... Details

    War on Terror, Militants, Democratic, Republican, Pakistan, United States, Media

    (1) Aatif Iftikhar
    PhD Scholar,Department of Media Studies,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Zubair Shafiq
    Assistant Professor,Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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03 - Freedom of Expression: A Comparative Study of Ideological Conflict between Islam

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).03
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).03      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    (FOE) is a basic human right, unanimously accepted all over the world; however it has no universal definition. The Islam condemns the Blasphemy strongly, whereas the West takes it as an offshoot of FOE and a symbol of democracy. This paper is an attempt to investigate, to what extent the Islamic concept of FOE is consistent with the Western concept? Its main objective is to point out the real caus... Details

    Freedom of Expression, Ideological Conflict, Islam and West.

    (1) Tasaddaq Hussain
    PhD Research Scholar,Department of Media and Communication Studies,Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Aslam Pervez
    Professor,Department of Media and Communication Studies,Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan
    (3) Shahid Minhas
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, GIFT University Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan.
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04 - A Regional Study on Spillover Perspective: Analyzing the Underlying Mechanism of

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).04
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).04      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study intends to scrutinize the underlying mechanism of employee exhaustion in the relationship between family incivility, and outcomes of thriving and workplace aggression with the spillover theory serving as the overarching explanation. The data was collected through distribution of 300 self-reported questionnaires administered in a single wave. The final sample turned out to be 246 workers... Details

    Family Incivility, Emotional Exhaustion, Thriving, Workplace Aggression and Spillover Theory

    (1) Sidrah Al Hassan
    Lecturer, Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Tasneem Fatima
    Assistant Professor,Faculty of Management Sciences,International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Imran Saeed
    Lecturer, Institute of Business Management Sciences,The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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05 - Harnessing the New Modes of Learning: Teachers' Perceptions and Classroom Assess

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).05
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).05      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Currently, for improving students' learning, the focus is made solely on teaching strategies whereas assessment is practiced just for auditing and overlooks the improvement in students' learning. To this effect, a qualitative approach is executed to showcase teachers' perceptions regarding the use of classroom assessment practices for students' overall development. The sample of the study comprise... Details

    New modes of Learning, Classroom Assessment Practices, Students' Over-all Development, Teachers Perceptions, KP Universities, Pakistan

    (1) Shahzadi Seema
    PhD. Scholar,Institute of Education and Research (IER), University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Amjad Reba
    Assistant Professor,Institute of Education and Research (IER), University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Waqar Un Nisa Faizi
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education,Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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06 - Passivization in Pashto and English: A Comparative Analysis

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).06
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).06      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The present research work intends to analyze and compare the sentence structures in English and Pashto Language. The researcher has focused mainly on the passivization process in this regard. The primary reason for the research is to highlight the similarities and differences between the passivization processes in both languages. Moreover, the researcher has delimited the study to tenses used in b... Details

    Passivization, Passive in Pashto, Pashto Language

    (1) Akbar Ali
    Assistant Professor, Department of English,FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Anees
    Lecturer, Department of English, FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Bilal Khan
    Lecturer, Department of English,FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
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07 - Curriculum Provisions for Classroom Instruction and Students' Self-Efficacy at S

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).07
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).07      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Classroom instruction, as a key feature of formal education, primarily provided in the National Curriculum that aimed to materialize the curricular targets. This study was conducted with the objective to analyze the provisions for classroom instruction in the National Curriculum at secondary level that affects self-efficacy of the students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a North-western province of Pakista... Details

    Classroom instruction; Curriculum; Secondary Level; Self-efficacy; Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

    (1) Shah Faisal
    PhD Scholar,Department of Education,International Islamic University Islamabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Nabi Bux Jumani
    Professor,Department of Education, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Seema Gul
    Associate Professor,Department of Psychology,International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
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08 - Exploring Determiners of Achievements of Degree Students (Pakistan) in Academic

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).08
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).08      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    English is an international language and is understood almost all over the world. There are different determiners that effect the level of achievement in learning English. The main concern of the study was to find out the relationships between them. The descriptive correlational study design was selected with a multilayer sampling technique having sample of 320 Degree level students form four univ... Details

    Academic achievement, Anxiety, Attitude, Culture, Determiners, Motivational Selves.

    (1) Saira Maqbool
    Assistant Professor,Department of English,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Rabia Bahoo
    Lecturer,Department of Education, The Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Shakir
    Lecturer,Educational Training,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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09 - Antecedents and Consequences of Employee's Greed: An Empirical Examination (Evid

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).09
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).09      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The study aimed to analyze empirically the relationships among job strain, employee greed, and workplace deviance. The data is collected from 645 bank employees and analyzed by using structural equation modeling. The analysis reveals a significant impact of job strain on greed and workplace deviance. Moreover, in the relationship between job strain and workplace deviance, employee greed is a signi... Details

    Employee Greed, Job Strain, Workplace Deviance

    (1) Qlander Hayat
    PhD Scholar,Department of Management & Social Sciences,Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Sayyed Muhammad Mehdi Raza Naqvi
    Associate Professor,Department of Management & Social Sciences, Capital University of Science & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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10 - Linking Human Resource Practice with Work Happiness Through Employee Resilience:

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).10
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).10      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    It is very important for the organization to keep its intellectual resources updated and ready for uncertain situations. This study aimed to explore the direct association between HR practices i.e. (job design, information flow, employee development, and employee benefits) and work happiness, and mediating role of employee resilience as well. The data were collected from 315 employees through self... Details

    Employee development, Employee Benefits, Employee Resilience, Human Resource Practices, Information flow

    (1) Muhammad Ali
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Administration, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Usman Ghani
    MPhil Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Institute of Management Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Basharat Raza
    Lecturer, Department of Business Administration,National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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11 - The Impact of Teachers' Personality on Students' Academic Achievement in Pakista

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).11
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).11      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Teachers personality plays a significant role in accomplishing students educational achievement. Teaching and learning have a major part in creating a friendly and encouraging learning environment for students. In this context, the current research was conducted to explore the influence of tutors character on pupils learning and accomplishment. It was a descriptive correlative research approach. T... Details

    Personality, Characteristics, Big Five Model. Student's Achievement

    (1) Shaista Noreen
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Akhtar Ali
    Professor,Department of education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Uzma Munawar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government Sadiq Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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12 - The Effect of Relational Coordination on Employee Creative Involvement: A Study

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).12
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).12      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Relational coordination is an emerging HR-related concept based on the network of ties between task participants and is expected to produce favorable efficiency and quality outcome. The relational coordination-employee outcome is new research dimension in the relational coordination field. The objective of the study was to test if relational coordination leads to employee related outcomes. In term... Details

    Relational Coordination, Employee Outcome, Employee Creative Involvement, Healthcare, Peshawar, Pakistan.

    (1) Muhammad Tahir
    PhD Scholar, Department of Management Science, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Sajid Rahman
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business & Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Imran Saeed
    Lecturer,Institute of Business & Management Sciences,The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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13 - Training Program for countering the Effects of Terrorism and Emotional Stability

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).13
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).13      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The current scenario of terrorism in Pakistan made people insecure, scared depressed and aggressive. After the tragic incidents of 9/11, terrorism has become a major threat to the lives of the people. Pakistan was a severe victim of terrorism. The present study assessed the need for a training program to counter effects of terrorism on emotional stability of university students.The population and ... Details

    Need Assessment, Terrorism, Emotional Stability

    (1) Muhammad Naeem Ashraf
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Naeem Mohsin
    Associate Professor, Department of Education, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Shabbir Ali
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education,University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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14 - Self-Efficacy Beliefs between the Graduates from the Madrassas and Public Sector

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).14
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).14      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The present research explored the self-efficacy beliefs between the graduates from the madrassas and public sector institutes. The variable of the interest was self-efficacy beliefs. The study was quantitative in nature. Simple random sampling was used as a sampling technique. The population was selected from province of Punjab. Three divisions (Faisalabad, Multan, and Lahore) were selected random... Details

    Self-Efficacy, Graduates, Madrassas, Public Sector, Institutes.

    (1) Muhammad Riaz
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Naeem Mohsin
    Associate Professor,Department of Education,GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Shafqat Rasool
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education,Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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15 - Effective Management of Secondary School Head Teachers in Punjab: A Comparative

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).15
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).15      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Heads are leading figures in educational institutions responsible for the training of future generations but also have to perform many key functions to achieve the predetermined objectives. The objective was a comparison of management effectiveness between direct selectees and promoted secondary school headteachers of Punjab. A close-ended rating scale consisting of 25 statements was developed on ... Details

    Management, Effectiveness, Promoted, Selectee, Administration.

    (1) Shafqat Rasool
    Lecturer,Department of Education, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Arshad
    SST, Department of Education (School), Govt. Fazilka Islamia Model High School Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Shabbir Ali
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education,University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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16 - The Emergent Bioethics of Human Cloning Debate in Global Context

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).16
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).16      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This paper begins with the idea of technology generally and its influence over the global world in family and reproduction sectors particularly. The ARTs have taken over the lead in this sector but human cloning is not a phenomenon endorsed and greeted by everyone around the globe. This paper examines and analyses the arguments of the proponents and opponents on the subject of human cloning from t... Details

    Human Cloning, Morals and Ethics, Values, Bioethics

    (1) Shazia Kiyani
    PhD Research scholar, Department of Shariah and Law, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Sohaib Ahmed Hashmi
    Lecturer,Department of Law, The University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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17 - An Empirical Study of Work-Family Field: Identifying Psychographic Predictors of

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).17
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).17      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study propounds to examine the dynamics of relationship among emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and self-efficacy and work-family conflict in female lawyers. Correlational Cross-sectional research design was implicated in this research in order to test the hypothesis that emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job satisfaction are likely to predict work-family conflict in young fem... Details

    Emotional Intelligence; Female Lawyers; Job Satisfaction; SelfEfficacy; Work-Family Conflict.

    (1) Afsheen Masood
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Applied Psychology,University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Sulman
    PhD Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies,University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Arooj Arshad
    Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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18 - British Values and the Deconstruction of Thomas Hardy's Short Story "Netty Sarge

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).18
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).18      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The present study deals with the analysis of Thomas Hardys short story “Netty Sargents Copyhold”. To have a deconstructive analysis of the short story, Barrys (2002) three levelsof analysis, i.e., verbal, textual and linguistic, have been used. It was found that the story has words with contradictory and confusing meaning entrenched in the British values. Also, the story has a diversio... Details

    Poststructuralism, deconstruction, Barry's three-level/stages, Netty Sargent's Copyhold.

    (1) Irfan Ullah
    Assistant Professor, Department of English,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Liaqat Iqbal
    Assistant Professor,Department of English,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Farooq Shah
    Lecturer,Department of English,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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19 - Impact of Motivation on Students' and Teachers' Efficiency and School Effectiven

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).19
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).19      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The purpose of conducting this research was to study the impact of motivation on teachers and students efficiency and school effectiveness. It was a descriptive study which had a sample of 60 government high schools situated in urban and rural area of District Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Self-administrative questionnaires comprising 30 statements were used to collect data from 240 randomly selec... Details

    Motivation, Efficiency, Effectiveness, Physical Factors, Academic Factors, Social Factors, Psychological Factors

    (1) Muhammad Attique
    Head Master,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Shahid Hussain
    Head Master,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Akhtar Ali
    Professor,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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20 - A Comparative Study of Teachers' Perspectives about Commercialization of Educati

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).20
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).20      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    There is a rapid increase in demand for education across the country. Consequently, the trend of educating children in private sector schools is expanding. This article provides an overview of the teachers of private and public schools regarding commercialization of education at elementary level. A self-developed questionnaire was followed for data collection. No significant difference was found i... Details

    Commercialization, Elementary level, Quality Education, Private Sector, Perceptions.

    (1) Ghulam Hyder
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education,The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Arshad
    SST (Science),Department of Education (School),Government Fazilka Islamia Model High School Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Iftikhar Ahmad Baig
    Professor, Department of Education,The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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21 - The Role of Parents and Teachers in Academic Achievement of Students in Hazara D

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).21
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).21      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research was designed for discovering the effect of parental involvement as well as teachers involvement upon the students academic achievement at the secondary level. The research explored the impact of two characteristics of parental involvement i.e. parental communication, and their emotional support, and classroom security, and teachers motivation on students academic achievement. Sample ... Details

    Parental Communication, Parental Emotional Support, Classroom Security, Teachers' Motivation

    (1) Syed Afzal Shah
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education,The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Sadaf Naz
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Naeema Mumtaz
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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22 - Role Conflict, Marital Quality and Career Satisfaction: A Demographic Analysis o

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).22
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).22      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study is carried out to know the level of role conflict, marital quality and career satisfaction of dual career couples across the selected demographics in Peshawar city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan. Demographic features including gender, age, parenthood, family type and form of marriage were selected as independent variables while role conflict, marital quality and career satisfaction w... Details

    Conflict, Family, Parenthood, Quality, Satisfaction.

    (1) Khalil ur Rahman
    Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Tariq Anwar Khan
    Lecturer,Department of Political Science,Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Kiramat Ullah
    Lecturer, Department of Political Science,Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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23 - Develop a Strategy of Pre Service Teachers Training Program for Early Childhood

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).23
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).23      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The aim of this study was to develop a strategy of pre service teachers training program for early childhood education. The objective of the study was to develop a strategy of pre service teachers training program for early childhood education. The study is descriptive in nature which would assess need to the pre service teacher training program for ECE and development of strategies for future in ... Details

    Model, Pre Service Teachers Training, Early Childhood Education

    (1) Sattar Muhammad
    Student,Department of Education, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif AJK, Pakistan.
    (2) Nazir Haider Shah
    Professor,Department of Education,Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif AJK, Pakisstan.
    (3) Muhammad Munir Kayani
    Professor, Department of Education, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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24 - Energy Proficient Strategies and Future Challenges in 5G Networks in Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).24
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).24      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    To meet the extraordinary subscribers’ requests in near future, 5G wireless cellular networks are developing. With the arrival of 5th generation (5G), millions of new Base Stations (BS) and billions of associated gadgets will also be increased which require the extra power. More power utilization will result in an ascent in the CO2 discharge into the atmosphere, which may... Details

    Energy Efficiency, Power Optimization, Green Communication, Wireless Communication

    (1) Dost Muhammad Khan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Computer Sciences and I.T, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Tariq Aziz Rao
    Visiting Lecturer,Department of Computer Sciences and I.T,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Najia Sehr
    Lecturer, Department of Computer Sciences and I.T, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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25 - Implementation of 21st Century Skills in Higher Education of Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).25
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).25      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The emergence of the global economy has changed the demands of citizenship and employment in the new millennium. The world is shifting from an industrial economy to knowledge based economy. Keeping in view these challenges, 21st century society and work sphere require individuals equipped with 21st century skills. Therefore the present study was designed to examine the implementation of 21st centu... Details

    Global Economy, Knowledge based Economy, 21st Century Skills and Implementation

    (1) Hayat Khan
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) N.B. Jumani
    Professor, Department of Education, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Nawab Gul
    Senior English Teacher,Government Higher Secondary School,Badar Banda Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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26 - Impact of Transformational Leadership on Teacher Retention at Elementary School

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).26
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).26      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on teacher retention at elementary school level (ESL) of Southern Punjab. The elementary school teachers (ELT) of Southern Punjab formed population. For the sample, 240 schools and 960 teachers were selected randomly for the study. The study has measured transformational leadership through factors i.e. job chara... Details

    Retention, transformational leadership, personal attributes

    (1) Toheed Qamar
    PhD Scholar, Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Javed
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Zafar Hussain
    PhD Scholar,Department of Education,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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27 - The Expanding Role of Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the Context of Inter-

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).27
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).27      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This paper analyzes the role of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) as an effective instrument for regional security, cooperation and integration between Central and South Asia. It has the capacity to counter both traditional and non-traditional security threats. The presence of both Central Asian and South Asian states as members actually complement each other. As both face similar security i... Details

    Central Asia, China, Energy security, Regional integration, Russia, South Asia, Shanghai Cooperation Organization

    (1) Uzma Siraj
    Lecturer Federal Urdu UniversityDepartment of Politics & IR,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Sartaj
    Lecturer Riphah University, Department of Politics & IR,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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28 - Current Trends and Issues in Quality Assurance Practices: Higher Education Pakis

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).28
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).28      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The purpose of this research endeavour is to explore the current trends of quality assurance practices in the public and private universities of Pakistan. This study is based on the primary data from a doctoral thesis titled a comparative study of the quality assurance (QA) practices in public and private universities and online data of these universities in 2019 to extract improvement in quality ... Details

    Quality Assurance Practices, Public and Private Universities, Online Data, Pakistan.

    (1) Shafqat Rasool
    Lecturer,Department of Education, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Arshad
    SST (Science), Department of Education (School),Govt. Fazilka Islamia Model High School, Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Shabbir Ali
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education,University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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29 - Journeys from Crimes to Crowns: Literary Representation of Shakespearian Tragedi

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).29
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).29      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Thinking is ideas banking and everyone wants the encashment of his/her thinking. Man desires to get godly powers through the encashment of his ideas. Some people get power through inheritance while others earn through hard work. The scholars are of the view that religion and fortune favor some men in committing crimes to reach the crowns, while others lose their lives. Human history is full of suc... Details

    Shakespearian Tragedies, Crimes, Crowns, Representations

    (1) Rasib Mahmood
    Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Sanna Asghar
    Student, Department of English, Beaconhouse National University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Sadia Safdar
    Student, Department of English,Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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30 - Machiavellianism and Bullying Behavior: Conditional Effects of Trait Activating

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).30
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).30      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research identifies the job-based role ambiguity which positively triggers the self-impressions of Machiavellianism personality. Machiavellian personality engaged in bullying behaviors which can be reduced by the soft impression management tactics. A field sample of 420 employees working in telecommunication sector were analyzed. Time lag research design was used to investigate the linear eff... Details

    Machiavellianism, Role Ambiguity, Impression Management and Bullying Behavior.

    (1) Hafsah Zahur
    PhD Scholar, Department of Management Sciences,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Tasneem Fatima
    Assistant Professor,Department of Management Sciences,International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Hina Shahab
    Assistant Professor,Department of Management Sciences,National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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31 - Sufism and the Socio-Legal Services of Hazrat Moinuddin Hasan Sanjari of Ajmer U

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).31
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).31      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The Sufi saints, Ulemas and Mashaikhs always had an important place in the history of mankind. These Sufi saints belong to different tariqas but their basic belief has been same and that is “oneness of Allah”. A tariqa is a school of thought or a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices with the intention of seeking the ultimate truth. The history of Moinuddin Chishti,... Details

    Asrar-E-Haq, Shariah, Islamic Law, Monotheism (Wahdaniyat), Sufism, Mysticism

    (1) Samza Fatima
    Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Bilal
    Assistant Professor, Department of Law,Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Aamir Abbas
    Assistant Professor, Department of Law,G. C. University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
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32 - A Self-efficacious TESOL Professional in the Arabian Gulf: Evidence from the Lit

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).32
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).32      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This article reflects on the notion of self-effectiveness as a substantial aspect of language teachers in ESL/EFL contexts. It introduces and defines the construct of teacher self-effectiveness, which can be derived from four different sources; a) enactive experience, b) vicarious experiences, c) social persuasion, and d) physiological states. The present study takes into consideration various ski... Details

    CLT, EFL/ESL teachers, Learning outcomes, Self-effectiveness, Teacher education, TESOL professionals.

    (1) Arshad Ali Khan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Linguistics and Communication,University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Hussain Ahmad
    Lecturer,English Language Institute,King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
    (3) Sayyed Rashid Ali Shah
    Assistant Professor,Faculty of Language and Translation,King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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33 - Lower Extremity Kinematics of the Successful and Unsuccessful Cricket Pull Shots

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).33
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).33      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research is about the kinematics analysis of the lower extremity of the cricket batsmen at the attempt of successful and unsuccessful pull shots. Data were recorded from (n = 18) Malaysian cricket batsmen by using two video cameras. Repeated measures ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis. Results showed the back lift, angular movements of the knees, hips joints, velocities of the left kn... Details

    Cricket Batting, Batsman, Short Pitch Ball, Bat Swing, Pull Shot

    (1) Muhammad Zia Ul Haq
    Lecturer,Physical Education and Sport Science,The Islamica University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Badar Habib
    Lecturer, Physical Education and Sport Science,The Islamica University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Tahir Nazeer
    Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Science & Physical Education,The University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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34 - Identification of the Reasons of Childrens Anxiety and Submissive Attitude: A Co

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).34
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).34      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The main purpose of this research was to analyse the children anxiety in both public and private schools. The main objectives of the study were (a) to identify the factor that involve to increase fear among children; (b) to investigate the positive and negative impact of anxiety on students academic performance; (c) to analyse the children learning state of mind during fear and submissive attitude... Details

    Anxiety, Hesitation, Passive Attitude

    (1) Muhammad Shakir
    Lecturer, Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Musarrat Jahan
    PhD Scholar, Education Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Shaista Noreen
    Visiting Scholar, Education Department,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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35 - A Feminist Stylistic Analysis of Characterisation in Doris Lessings A Woman on a

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).35
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).35      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    In her book Feminist Stylistics, Sara Mills (1995) argues that characters in texts are not simulacra of humans. They are merely words which represent men and women in accordance with stereotypes that are found in society. This study takes up D. Lessings short story A Woman on a Roof (1963/1990) and looks at the characterisation in it by using Mills model (1995) at the level of discourse. The aim o... Details

    Feminist Stylistics, Gender, Stereotypes, Characters.

    (1) Abdul Qayyum
    PhD Scholar,Department of English,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Mujib Rahman
    Professor, Department of English, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Henna Gul Nisar
    Lecturer, IBMS,The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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36 - Propaganda Revisited: Understanding Propaganda in the Contemporary Communication

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).36
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).36      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Propaganda had always remained a very important tool to influence others. Many researchers had worked and synthesized the concept of propaganda. But there was still a lot to be done as the contemporary propaganda industries had given this phenomenon a very subtle structure. This particular research study aimed to analyze the propaganda definitions set forth by various propaganda researchers to dev... Details

    Propaganda, Definitions, Propaganda Analysis, Propaganda Literature, Propaganda Researchers, Elements of Propaganda

    (1) Samia Manzoor
    Assistant Professor,Department of Communication Studies,Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Aasima Safdar
    Assistant Professor,Department of Communication Studies,Department Communication Studies,
    (3) Beenish Zaheen
    Lecturer,Department of Mass Communication, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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37 - Impact of Leadership Styles Upon Professional Commitment

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).37
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).37      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The current study aimed to assess the effect of different leadership styles (Transformational, Transactional and Laissez-faire styles) upon the professional commitment. The study population encompassed the lecturers in Physical Education of all the public colleges in the province Punjab, Pakistan. Due to accessible population, no sampling techniques were preferred in this research study. The total... Details

    Leadership Styles, Professional, Commitment.

    (1) Afshan Jabeen
    PhD Scholar, SS&PE,Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Salahuddin Khan
    Professor,SS&PE,Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Syed Zia-u Islam
    Lecturer,SS&PE,Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
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38 - The Effectiveness of PowerPoint Mediated Early Elementary Science Modules for In

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).38
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).38      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    PowerPoint is one of the programs that has made classrooms more colorful and attractive with its multimedia incorporation. The present research has examined the effectiveness of early elementary science modules prepared with attributes of PowerPoint show for students independent and autonomous learning. The modules were prepared for the subject of sixth-grade science, employing programmed learning... Details

    PowerPoint Mediated Modules, Elementary Students, Independent Learning, Learner Autonomy

    (1) Habiba Azhar
    PhD Scholar,Department of Research & Evaluation,Institute of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Afifa Khanam
    Assistant Professor,Department of Research & Evaluation,Institute of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Uzma Quraishi
    Professor, Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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39 - South Asian Print Media and Children Rights Discourse: A Critical Analysis of Pa

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).39
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).39      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Children rights are highlighted by various authors, columnist and media persons from time to time. The purpose of this study is to identify the imperative issues of children in South Asia especially Pakistan and India. This research article aims to provide information to the advisers and policy makers to shift particular difficulties of children rights to the forefront of public conscience. For th... Details

    outh Asia, Children, Rights, Newspaper, India, Pakistan, Perception

    (1) Taj Mengal
    PhD Scholar, Department of Media Studies, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Tahir Mahmood
    Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Rukhsana Faiz
    Visiting Lecturer, Government College Civil Lines, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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40 - Exploring Gender Differences in Moral Intelligence and its Effects on the Learni

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).40
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).40      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The current study was undertaken with the primary objectives of exploring differences in moral intelligence due to gender and determining moral intelligences effect on the learning performance of second-year students. The population of the study consisted of all second year college students of Skardu, Pakistan. However, data were collected from 445 students within the entire population by using th... Details

    Exploring, Gender Differences, Moral Intelligence and Academic Performance

    (1) Ali Hussain Arif
    PhD Scholar,Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Marium Din
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Zafar Saleem
    Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Qurtuba University of Science & information Technology Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
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41 - Exploring Learners' Attitudes Towards Demotivating Factors in Vocabulary Learnin

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).41
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).41      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The research study aimed to explore ESL learners’ attitudes towards demotivating factors in vocabulary learning. In order to explore what factors are affecting ESL learners’ vocabulary learning and to identify the difference between male and female learners’ attitude towards demotivating factors in the process of vocabulary learning. A total of 300 male and female learners partic... Details

    Demotivation, Vocabulary learning, Attitude, Gender, English as a Second language (ESL)

    (1) Noveen Javed
    Assistant Professor,Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Mamuna Ghani
    Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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42 - Analyzing Writing Needs of MBA Students: A Case Study of IIUI

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).42
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).42      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research aims to analyze written skills of students enrolled in Business Communication course by conducting a Needs Analysis survey. While focusing on the necessities, lacks and wants of learners, the current language proficiency of students was matched with the target level needed in business organizations. For this purpose, a needs analysis based on the target situation needs analysis model... Details

    Needs Analysis, Target Needs, Business Communication, Writing Skills

    (1) Lubna Umar
    Lecturer, Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Umaima Kamran
    Assistant Professor,Department of English,Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Saira Maqbool
    Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics,Allama Iqbal Open Universit,y Islamabad, Pakistan.
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43 - Mediating Role of Social Support Between Job Stress and Job Performance of Lectu

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).43
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).43      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The research study aimed to investigate the role of social support as a mediator between job stress and job performance of lecturer physical education. All male and female 97 and 73 respectively were the target population of the study. For obtaining the desiredresult the researcher used descriptive research with cross-sectional research design. The research study was carried out through three diff... Details

    Job Stress, Job Performance, Social Support and Lecturer Physical Education

    (1) Muhammad Asghar khan
    Instructor Physical Education,Sports Sciences and Physical Education,Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Akhter Nawaz Gunjera
    Associate Professor,Department of Sports & Physical Education, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Syed Zia Ul Islam
    Lecturer, Sports Sciences and Physical Education,Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan.
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44 - Attitudes about Interfaith Harmony: A Case Study of Muslims and Hindus social Re

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).44
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).44      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The position of the minority has been discussed in the context of contemporary developments. The interfaith harmony between majority and minority is much significant in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study focused to assassinate the interfaith harmony between Muslims and Hindus in district Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The main aim of the study is to investigate that either there exists harmony b... Details

    Nice Nexus, Social Relationship, Interfaith Harmony, Interfaith Dialogue and Mutual Regards

    (1) Ihsan Ullah Khan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology, FATA University, Dara Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Azizullah Jan
    Senior Certified Teacher,Department of Sociology,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Khalil Ur Rahman
    Assistant Professor,Department of Sociology,Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
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45 - Children Television Viewing Patterns and Parental Media Literacy in Pakistan

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).45      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study examines the television viewing routines of children in Pakistan. Familial, as well as individual, television viewing patterns were explored. Explanations for the childrens content choice and parental rationales behind allowing free content consumption are listed. Parental media literacy, especially concerning the content rating system, was examined. 2000 Pakistani parents, of varying e... Details

    Media Literacy; Rating System; Family Television Viewing Patterns

    (1) Attia Zulfiqar
    Student,Institute of Communication studies,University of Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Noshina Saleem
    Professor, Institute of Communication studies, University of Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Faiza Latif
    Assistant professor,Department of mass communications,Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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46 - Effects of Communicative Teaching on Lab Report Writing Skills at Secondary Leve

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).46
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).46      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The key objective of the research was to find the effect of communicative language teaching (CLT) on report writing skills among 9th graders. Relevant literature revealed that report writing skills can be enhanced with the help of communicative teaching. A quasi-experimentaldesign was used. To experiment, two classes from one school were selected conveniently. for gathering data to achieve the int... Details

    Grammar Translation Method (GTM), English Language Teaching (ELT), Communicative Language Teaching, Report Writing.

    (1) Aftab Ahmad
    Lecturer,Department of Science Education,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Abdul Majeed Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education,University of Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Samiullah
    Assistant Professor,ECE&ETE,Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan.
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47 - Identification of Factors Undermining the Teaching Learning Process in the Subje

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).47
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).47      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The teaching of Physics involves theoretical as well as practical skills development of students at the secondary school level. The main aim of the study was to identify the factors that undermine the teaching-learning process in the subject of physics. All secondary schools science teachers were considered as the population of the study. Two hundred (200) science teachers (100 each male and femal... Details

    Teaching Physics, Undermining Factors, Teaching-Learning Process, Laboratory, Implement Etc.

    (1) Kifayat Khan
    Assistant Professor,Department of Education,University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Munir Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education,University of Malakand, Malakand, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Abdur Rashid
    Lecturer,Department of Education,Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir Upper, KP, Pakistan.
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48 - Determination of Education and Training, Discipline, Leadership Style on Loyalty

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).48
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).48      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The human resources strongly influence the success of an organization in achieving its goals at the management level (elements of the leader/officials), at the staff/employee level; it is one of the determining factors in the success of an organization. Proper discipline will have an impact on high loyalty. It is highly desirable to conduct research for finding relation between human resources and... Details

    Training, Discipline, Leadership Style, and Job Satisfaction.

    (1) Venny Harianti
    Faculty of Economics, Batam University, Riau Islands, Indonesia.
    (2) Chablullah Wibisono
    Faculty of Economics, Batam University, Riau Islands, Indonesia.
    (3) Indrayani
    Faculty of Economics, Batam University, Riau Islands, Indonesia.
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49 - Listening to the Whispers: Female Faculty and Work Environment in Universities o

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).49
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).49      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research explored the experiences of female university teachers regarding the culture of work environment in public sector universities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Findings are drawn through the questionnaire including six main dimensions of the workplace. The respondents ranked the factors under each dimension. The analyses of calculated ranks for factors lead to identify two main categori... Details

    Work Environment, Sex-Role Stereotypes, Awareness of Rights, Collaboration and Support, and Capacity Building.

    (1) Lubna Shoukat
    Assistant Professors, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Tahira Altaf Esabzai
    Deputy DEO (W) Tehsil Khanpur, District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Waheed
    Assistant Professors, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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50 - The Principle of non- Refoulement and its Role in the Protection of Refugees

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).50
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).50      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The protection available to refugees under the principle of non-refoulement is a well-established rule of the customary international law; which means that they can'€™t be shiftedagainst their well to their country where their life is at risk. A person who avails the protection of the principle of non-refoulement and other protections guaranteed under the international refugee in... Details

    Forced return, Nationality, Persecution, Political opinion, and Race.

    (1) Muhammad Zubair
    Associate Professor, Department of Law, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Aqeel Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Muzamil Shah
    Superintendent, Department of Law, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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51 - Continuous Professional Development: A Source of Appropriate Learning Activities

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).51
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).51      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The purpose of this research study was to analyze the impact of professional development courses on teaching practices of the teachers A quantitative approach was adopted to solve the query, a questionnaire having close-ended questions was developed to collect data. The population of the study was teachers' trainers and heads of the institutions. The purpose of including trainers was to understand... Details

    Continuous Professional Development; and Appropriate Learning Activities

    (1) Muhammad Ali Shaikh
    Vice Chancellor, Media Studies and Communication Studies, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Stephen John
    Associate Professor, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Kamal Haider
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
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52 - Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Internal Audit in the Power Sector of P

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).52
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).52      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This study is an attempt to explore those factors which influence the effectiveness of the internal audit in the power sector of Pakistan. The results of the study were obtained on the basis of data collected from internal audit staff members (103) and management (103) of the four large companies of the power sector. The relationship of three factors, i.e., competencies of auditor, management supp... Details

    Audit Committee, Internal Audit, Effectiveness, Management Support, Competencies

    (1) Awais Tahir
    MBA Student, Institute of Management Sciences, Hayatabad, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
    (2) Wisal Ahmad
    Assistant Professor, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Mudassar Anwar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, University of Kotli Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
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53 - Over Population Shaped Escalation Settlement Acreage Region in Thar Desert, Paki

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).53
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).53      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Overpopulation led to the deterioration condition for natural and cultural apprehension that is an alarm to land morphology. Thar desert headed the most populous region in the world in the distribution of the population of 44 people per square kilometres. These dense disseminations upsurge the settlement. The anthropogenic responses were analyzed in SPSS, and it results in a huge land degradation ... Details

    Overpopulation, Deterioration, Cultural, Dissemination, Settlement, Anthropogenic, Human, Degradation

    (1) Sujo Meghwar
    Assistant Professors, Department of Geography, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Qasim Nizamani
    Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Farheen Qasim Nizamani
    Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
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54 - Ethno-Nationality and Violence in Sindh: A Case Study of MQM

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).54
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).54      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    Regionalism has oftenly expressed itself in terms which are opposed to national unity and integrity and challenged the legitimacy of the state while the rulers see it as a threat to development, progress and unity that is the why a regional issue of socio-political representation of Muhajirs has been projected in this paper. As in other states of South Asian region, factors of language and geograp... Details

    Regionalism, Ethnicity, Muhajir, MQM, Karachi, Violence

    (1) Sanaullah
    Demonstrator, Department of Political Science, AWKUM, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Fakhr ul Munir
    Demonstrator, Department of Political Science, AWKUM, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Hina Malik
    Demonstrator, Department of Political Science, AWKUM, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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56 - Investigating ESL Learners' Motivation through ARCS Motivational Design Model

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).56
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).56      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    This research aimed to determine whether there exists a relationship between the four elements of Keller's ARCS motivation framework and undergraduate students' motivation to learn English as a second language. ARCS' is the acronym for Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction. This study employed a quantitative approach and used a survey questionnaire for collecting data from 300 students... Details

    Motivation, ARCS Model, English as Second Language Students, Undergraduate Students, Pakistan

    (1) Fareeha Javed
    Head of TESOL Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Najam Us Saher
    MS Scholar, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Sana Baig
    Lecturer, Department of TESOL, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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57 - Improving English Language Proficiency of Graduate Students by Online Learning A

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).57
10.31703/grr.2019(IV-III).57      Published : Sep 2019

Abstract

    The field of digital literacy is developing rapidly; consequently, the interest of researchers has also shifted now. The current research study was to explore the role of online learning Apps available on smartphones in improving graduate students' English language proficiency. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used in this study. Data were collected through a questionnaire that h... Details

    Perception, Online Learning, Smart Learning, Portable Learning, Learning Apps

    (1) Shahida Naz
    PhD Scholar, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Mamuna Ghani
    Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Shahid Nawaz
    Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
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